Archive for April, 2009

Seven Questions You Should Ask Before Making a Life-Changing Decision

One of the things that happens as you get older is you get a lot more life experience under your belt (not to mention some excess poundage). For one thing you start seeing cycles. For many younger people, this is the first time they’ve seen relatively hard times. For those of us who are a bit older, we’ve seen it before. The pendulum swings back and forth, between good times and hard times.

One of the things that happens all the time, but especially in hard times, is that people make radically life-changing decisions without asking the right questions first. The problem is that there are always people out there who want to influence others. It may be because they like to have control over others, it may be because they think they will have a better life, it may be for financial enrichment, or it may be any combination of those things. Most of these folks are as subtle as a brick through a window, but occasionally you will run across the person who is utterly charming and thoroughly convincing. You like that person – maybe you wish, in some way, that you were that person – and so you do what they ask of you without asking the right questions first.

Unfortunately, many of us have been conditioned to not investigate things as well as we should. We remember sayings like “never look a gift horse in the mouth” and “opportunity only knocks once.” If we looked at those sayings critically, their absurdity would be obvious – if someone is giving you a horse because they know it’s got serious medical problems, wouldn’t you want to know that before you accept it as a gift? And why should opportunity only knock once? For the most part we make our own opportunities, and most of the “opportunities” offered to us out of the blue are really opportunities for someone else to dig into our wallets, or get their hooks in our soul.

The worst offenders in this regard are multi-level marketers, and people who come to you in the name of some religion or religious institution. These people find it especially easy to win converts in hard times, because people are looking for any way out of their present situation. Many young people are quite naive about such things (they are rarely a matter of dinner table conversation in most homes) and therefore when someone comes to them with the offer to change their life forever, and that person appears to be offering love and goodness and (maybe) financial security, the young man or woman has not been conditioned to ask the critical questions they ought to be asking at such times. So with that in mind, I’d like to offer a few.

The first thing you should ask, when someone comes to you, is how long they’ve been involved with the company or religion (or whatever) they are promoting. There is such a thing as “new convert’s enthusiasm” – it’s almost like a type of high. These folks will come to you and you know there is something different about them and you want it, but what you may not realize – and what they themselves may not realize – is that it’s only a temporary state. Nobody lives in that state of bliss forever. The other thing is that if they’ve only been involved for a month or a year, how can they assure you that their path is the one you should follow for the rest of your life? The answer is, they can’t.

The second thing that you should ask for is proof of outlandish claims. If the person states that you can make huge sums of money, ask to see their recent check stubs. Look at the house they live in, the car they are driving, the clothes they are wearing. Maybe they will say that they don’t believe in buying consumer goods, and that’s fine – ask to see their bank statement showing recent deposits. They don’t want to provide you with that? They say you’re trying to invade their privacy? Hey, they are the ones trying to convince YOU of something that might be a blatant lie… you are within your rights to demand proof! But even if they should prove exceptional income (and you are somehow convinced their proof is authentic, and not a Photoshopped document), you should ask yourself how they made that money. Was it by inducing people like you to pay signup fees, or to buy books and DVD’s, or to attend seminars, conventions, or retreats? Was it by requiring tithes and offerings from followers? (By the way – if anyone tells you that you are required to tithe 10% of your income to a church or other religious organization, ask them to show you in the Bible, but don’t let them pull individual scriptures out of context and string them together. When they read you a passage, find out who did the tithing, who they tithed to, what they were tithing from [do you have spoils of war lying around?], what was the circumstances around the tithe [was it a totally voluntary, one-time thing?], and what the tithe was used for. Also, unless you think we are still under Old Testament law, you might want to get suspicious if they have to dig into the Old Testament for their proofs. The point is, you really have to torture the Bible beyond recognition to come up with any “proof” that Christians are required to give 10% of their income to any present-day religious institution. And if you don’t understand why I’m even bringing this up, consider that a regular tithe and/or additional offerings may be demanded of you if you join any religious organization – of course you are almost never told that by the person who is initially trying to bring you in).

And if they make claims of healing, you want to see the medical report from a licensed physician. Of course they can’t or won’t produce that, but the point is that you’re in essence being asked to make a life changing decision on the basis of what is often a story that’s been handed down. However, I will also note this: A healing, in and of itself, is not proof of much for a couple of reasons. First, any experienced physician will tell you that every now and then, people do have spontaneous remissions from various conditions. It’s rare but it happens. People often attribute it to prayer, but there is a logical fallacy in their assumption. You can make the case that prayer works (and a few scientists have attempted to do so, with varying degrees of success) but that in and of itself does not lend credibility to the religion practiced by those that pray. There is evidence that it doesn’t matter what you believe, particularly, as long as you believe in something – and that regardless of your particular beliefs, prayer can work. Some believers would say that it’s the intent (or “faith”) that matters, not the person’s particular belief structure (and some of the things Jesus said might tend to support this). So if, for example, you are a Christian and you are sick and a Pagan offers to pray for you, you might not want to dismiss their offer – if their faith/intent is strong enough, it may help! But even if you are healed, that doesn’t obligate you to subscribe to their beliefs, and it might not be a good idea – everyone has their own path to walk.

The third question is, “Do you really love me?” – and a related question (lifting a title from an old Shirelles song here): “Will you still love me tomorrow?” This is probably the strangest part about all of this. Many times young people will be approached by someone whom they barely know (if not a total stranger altogether), who appears to have their best interest at heart, or in the case of a religious follower, someone who says they love them and only want to make sure that after they die they are “saved.” The problem here is that it’s conditional love. They are, in this case, casting their bread upon the waters. They are hoping to get someone who is able to increase their own income, or to join them in their beliefs. Some of these guys will act like the brother or sister you never had, or wish you had… but what if it turns out you’re not so great at promoting their MLM? Or what if you are the sort of person that actually reads the literature and/or religious books and starts seeing the inconsistencies and problems? What if you start asking why the leadership does things a certain way, or teaches a certain method or doctrine? In other words, what if you choose to continue to use the mind that you were given, instead of just turning it over to someone else to program for you? If you choose to let someone else program your thinking, you may wake up in ten or twenty years and discover that you don’t at all like the person you’ve become – and by that point you’ll be well aware that all that supposed “love” was conditional on you keeping the faith, or selling the product, or performing in whatever way you were expected to perform.

I will just point out that many religious people (especially those of the “fundamentalist” persuasion) are more known by who they hate than who they love. Some believers can be particularly obnoxious toward those who do not share their beliefs – if they are like that when you join, how do you think they will feel about you if for some reason, someday, you can’t go along with their way of thinking anymore? The sad thing is that sometimes people will give up relationships with other family members because of church teachings, only to find in the end that it was their family that really loved and cared about them, but they gave the best years of their life to following people who only offered conditional love.

One of the biggest regrets someone can have is to realize, late in life, that they brought their children up in a church that teaches hate and intolerance – and perhaps just as bad, discouraged anything that might be fun or educational unless the church was behind it (something to think about: Money spent on entertainment is money that doesn’t go into an offering plate. Preachers are well aware of that fact). You see kids that are bright and inquisitive turn into kids that are fearful, and sometimes not very tolerant of others (that’s assuming they don’t completely rebel, and want nothing to do with their parents or the church after they come of age).

The fourth question is: Okay, so you have your success stories, but what about the “failures”? How many people who join this MLM are still in the business after a year or two? What percentage achieves the lofty possibilities of six digit income? How many of this who pray for healing are actually fully healed, and don’t go back into remission after a few months? What percentage of people who join your organization are still here after ten or twenty years? And don’t overlook the obvious – Google the organization and read what others have had to say about them. Read up on the pitfalls of multi-level marketing, or the dangers of controlling religions (if you can find a copy of the book “Twisted Scriptures”, it will explain how churches abuse their followers – and it’s a lot more common than you might think. By the way, I don’t make anything off that link, it was just one I found using Google. Try your local library first).

The fifth question is, “Why are you so worried about ME?” Usually, when you start asking the types of questions I have mentioned here, you’ll be told “Don’t worry about that stuff now. Just try it, you have nothing to lose.” This is called, “Setting the hook.” The problem is that when these organizations get new people in, they typically have ways of trying to brainwash you into their way of thinking. The initial contact is when you should worry about “that stuff”, because at that point you’re still likely thinking as a rational person would. I know that it’s a strong temptation, particularly if people are making a pretense of love or concern toward you, to think that for some reason that defies logic, these people (who usually are total strangers, or mere acquaintances at best) suddenly truly have your best interest at heart. But the corollary question is, “What’s in it for YOU?” In other words, why is that person trying so hard to rope you in? Do they think you will be a source of income for them? Do they think they will get more gold stars in their crown in heaven for bringing you in? Are many people leaving their organization, and they are in desperate need of replacements? Or, perhaps, does the church or organization have a dark side, and you are being targeted by a sexual predator?

The sixth question you should ask is, “What if I don’t believe exactly what you believe?” Assuming you are a thinking person, will your divergent views be welcome during discussions, or you will you be told to sit down and shut up, and to submit to authority? Speaking of authority, if they ever try to pull that card, you should ask “Whose authority?” There are preachers and other religious leaders that seriously believe that if you don’t give them all the honor, respect, and deference that you might give to the Almighty, then you are an accursed person doing “the devil’s work” and will go straight to hell. Many religious groups try to discourage you from reading newspapers, magazines, web sites, or watching “secular” TV – in short, reading or viewing anything that’s not church approved. Multi-level marketers will do the same thing – tell you to read only books and watch only DVD’s offered by your “upline.” It’s always either an issue of control or money – they either want to shape your thinking in their own way, or they don’t want you spending money elsewhere that you could be spending with them. Often it’s a combination of both, such as in churches that have their own bookstores.

The seventh question you should ask is this: “If, after a year or two, someone feels that your organization isn’t the right ‘fit’ for them, do you encourage them to try something else? Would they still be welcome to come visit people in your group?” This is where you will often see a lot of squirming and stuttering. The fact is that once you leave most of these organizations, they really don’t want to have anything to do with you – at worst they will have considered you to have gone over to the dark side and will actively “shun” you, at best you will be a threat because you may have found something better than their way, and might convince some of their people to go with you. You might be thinking, “Well, what else would you expect?” but the point is that this proves they really don’t have YOUR best interests at heart – whatever the reason may be for trying to bring you in, it’s primarily to benefit them in some way, not you. When you leave, you are no longer an asset, you are a liability. You are certainly no longer the beloved prospective newcomer that you might be today.

Finally, a bonus question specifically for proponents of the Christian religion: “What if I want to live a little without submitting to all the rules and regulations you folks will try to put me under? Can I take my time and think about this?” More than likely, if you ask this, they will switch into the “hard sell” mode, because they know that the longer a person thinks about it without the benefit of church brainwashing, the less likely they are to join the flock. So they will try to convince you to make a decision TODAY. After all, you might get hit by a bus while crossing the street.

The problem with that is that it’s fear-based religion – you join because you are afraid of dying and going to “Hell” in an “unsaved” condition. But there are a couple fallacies at work here. The first is the idea that at the moment of death, your opportunity to “accept Jesus” is gone forever. In fact there is nothing in the Bible to support that idea, and there have been reports from people who’ve had Near Death Experiences (NDE’s) who found themselves in a “hellish” realm after death, called out to Jesus (or in some cases another religious personage), and were lifted out of that realm. You may say, well, why should I believe the NDE reports? But then I would say, why should you believe the teachings of a book that may have undergone significant changes and revisions (we really can’t be sure), and that omitted many other writings that gave information about Jesus that the church might not want you to know? I’m willing to give at least some weight to contemporaneous reports from people who seem to have had a genuine spiritual experience. But, more to the point, there simply is no passage in the Bible that indicates that the moment of death is the final moment in which one could be “saved.”

Then there is the matter of Hell. What most English-speaking believers don’t realize is that there were three different words in the original languages that were all translated as “Hell” in the King James Version. If you ever wonder why some churches use the KJV to the exclusion of any other version, I think this is a big part of it – they know that by confusing what the original scriptures really had to say about Hell, they could scare the crap out of people. Without going all theological on you, I’ll just point out that the “Dante’s Inferno” version of Hell, with the fire and brimstone and all, is ONLY for the devil and the fallen angels, if the Bible is translated in a non-confusing manner. Humans don’t go there. This doesn’t mean that humans can’t wind up in some definitely unpleasant places in the afterlife (even some NDE reports confirm that) but the real question is, does anyone stay in such places for all eternity? There is a growing body of both ancient writings (books omitted from the scriptures) and more contemporaneous indications that such is not the case. Again, this isn’t a theological blog, and I’m not going to try to promote any particular belief (nor denigrate any, except the ones that preach hate and intolerance), but my only point here is that some religious types use fear of hell as a motivator to get people into their clutches. My fear is that in many such cases, the real demons may be inside the walls of the church, where adults and children are taught who to hate, and whom and what to avoid, while sucking the joy of living right out of them.

I will speak from personal experience here only to make this point: I attended fundamentalist, supposedly Bible-believing churches for about two decades during the prime of my life. I could not possibly regret it more. I especially regret that I exposed my children to their beliefs. Although for the most part my kids seem to have shaken it off, I can’t help feeling that some of it may have stuck with them and now inhibits their ability to enjoy life to the fullest. But the entire time I attend those churches, I lived in fear – fear of death and not being found “worthy” of making it Heaven, fear for those I knew who had died “unsaved” and were (so the church would have me believe) burning in eternal torment, and fear that using the intelligence God had given me would cause me to lose my faith. One day, probably while having some sort of mid-life crisis, I prayed that I wanted to know the truth about Christianity and the Church – and it was right after that I started being led to books (like the aforementioned “Twisted Scriptures”) and web sites that showed me that a lot of what the churches teach is, in fact, very questionable. But then a strange thing happened – I lost the fear I’d had most of my life. After reading about NDE’s, I no longer feared death. After seeing some of the contradictions in the Bible and the way the churches have twisted the verses of the Bible to their own ends, I no longer feared that anything they taught would have any real bearing on what happened to me after this life. Instead, I found that love is the most important thing – and to the extent that the churches teach people to not love a particular group of people (or just give “lip service” to that love, but not really mean it), they are the ones doing “the devil’s work.”

Now, if you are a fundamentalist Christian and have read this far, you may be tempted to leave a comment saying that I am going to Hell, or some such thing. It happens every time anyone says anything negative about the way some churches teach and preach their version of Christianity. But before you do, think about this: I have not said one negative thing about Jesus. And, I’m not just targeting Christianity here, it just happens to be the religion I’m most familiar with. I’m talking about ANY religion and ANY organization that tries to suck young people in under questionable pretenses, then proceeds to drain them of their income, and maybe their free will and ability to think coherently – not to mention their sense of wonder and joy of living, after the initial “thrill is gone” (good grief, now I’m quoting B.B. King!).

For those that may think this post is off-topic, deal with it.  It’s my blog and I don’t have that many places I can say the things that I sometimes think need to be said, even if unpopular among a certain crowd. If you’ve gotten this far, thank you for sticking with it – I know I can be a bit overly-verbose at times, and I apologize that I’m not a better (or at least a more concise) writer.

Related:
Multilevel Marketing Is Bad (The Consumerist)
Strategies: Is multi-level marketing a good choice for you? (USA Today)

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CNN: My bullied son’s last day on Earth

If you are a parent, grandparent, or educator, you should drop everything and go read this article now: My bullied son’s last day on Earth

I know from personal experience how much bullying hurts.  I was mercilessly bullied while I was in Junior High and I can tell you that back then my thoughts often alternated between wishing I was dead and wishing my tormentors dead.  I would fantasize about them walking out of the school and getting hit by a school bus, or struck by lightning, or daydreaming of other ways they might meet an untimely end without my direct participation.  See, I didn’t necessarily want revenge, I just wanted them out of my life.  I often wonder, especially when I see stories of school shootings, what I might have done if I’d had access to a firearm and more of an inclination toward participation in violent activities.

But then, in my opinion our public education system has been a horrible failure anyway – I could expound on that but don’t have time, so I will refer you to John Taylor Gatto’s site (note you can read his book, The Underground History of American Education online). There are so many better ways to teach children than the methods used by public schools, but the whole institution of public education has become a monster that no one person can tame. And now, with kids offing themselves and other kids because of bullying, that’s one more reason to consider home schooling or (for those who can afford it) a “progressive” school (I’ve heard good things about Montessori schools but have not had any personal experience with them, so don’t know if that’s really an answer or not).

Anyway, something has to be done about the bullying problem in schools and on school buses, or many more children will die needlessly. Being tormented should not be a condition for getting an education!

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The five Windows programs I wish were available on a Mac

Seems like lists are an in thing these days (however, the use of the phrase “in thing” probably isn’t “in” anymore). The Mac commercials would like you to believe you can do doggone near anything on a Mac. Well, the Mac certainly has its advantages, not the least of which is that it’s not a magnet for every virus, trojan horse, and rootkit out there. But even after a over a year of using the Mac, there are a FEW pieces of software that I wish were available for the Mac.

  1. Winamp. Not because there’s any lack of audio players for the Mac, but because there is a wonderful libray of plugins for Winamp that, sadly, don’t work with anything other than Winamp.  The one plugin I’d love to see work with a Mac audio player, above all others, is the SqrSoft Advanced Crossfading Output plugin.  No Mac program, nor cross-platform program seems to know how to do decent intelligent crossfading of songs. Workaround: You can run at least some versions of Winamp under Codeweavers CrossOver Mac – and yes, I have written about this in a previous post.
  2. Paint Shop Pro (preferably one of the pre-Corel versions) – Here’s the thing, everybody these days seems to be in love with Photoshop, but for many users Photoshop is too expensive, and too complicated to learn and use.  Then there is the cross-platform program The Gimp, which is free, but it tries too hard to be Photoshop.  Back when I occasionally used Paint Shop Pro, I always thought it struck just the right balance between being simple enough for anyone to use, and still letting you do some good editing tricks. Things like improving a photograph, or giving an image a transparent background were simple.  And when it was time to save the completed image, you could tweak the compression level any way you wanted – you weren’t limited to two or three presets. There are at least half a dozen image editors for the Mac, but none work as well as Paint Shop Pro did.  I sort of expected that editing images would be something that the Mac would do well, right out of the box, but if it does they sure manage to hide the capability well. EDIT: GraphicConverter (suggested in the comments) seems to come pretty close, although it doesn’t seem to have been updated in a while.
  3. Cool Edit 2000 – What Paint Shop Pro was to image editing, Cool Edit 2000 was to sound editing – a very intuitive interface and just enough power to do everything you might want (assuming you’re not running a professional audio studio).  In particular it was great at noise reduction, and had many built-in filters to help you clean up lousy recordings. Once again there is a cross-platform alternative called Audacity, but it takes forever to load and is too complicated when you just want to do some simple editing (like changing the volume level of an audio file, or trimming silence at the start and end – the sort of thing that was easy under Cool Edit 2000).  As with the image editor category, it seems your choices are “will do anything but difficult to use”, or “easy to use but won’t do much.”  Paint Shop Pro and Cool Edit 2000 were in that “sweet spot” of “easy to use and still had plenty of capabilities.”
  4. Total Commander – I’ve said before how much I think that Mac OS X Finder Sucks, but if you try to find a decent dual-pane file manager for the Mac you won’t find one as full-featured as Total Commander.  What I’m looking for here is ease of use – give me buttons to select my various drives (or Volumes, as they are known under OS X).  Don’t make me click-click-click-click-click to get to frequently used locations. I would run Total Commander under Codeweavers Crossover except that it knows nothing of permissions.  Strangely enough, the dual-pane file manager I most often use on my Mac is a Linux program called Midnight Commander, which I install using Rudix, as previously mentioned in my post appropriately titled How to install Midnight Commander under Mac OS X (the easy way, using Rudix).
  5. TextPad – It’s not that there’s any lack of text editors available for the Mac – in fact Smultron is pretty good, and loads quickly, and is what I use for probably 90% of the text editing I do on the Mac. But the one thing that Smultron won’t do, that TextPad makes easy, is comparing the contents of two text files to find the differences.  And also, with TextPad, if you have more than one text window open it’s just a couple of clicks to arrange them in some coherent order (Smultron will let you split a window once, but doesn’t make it obvious how to get multiple files into the windows. And too bad if you want to see three files at once).  You can, of course, compare two files by eyeballing them in Smultron, but TextPad has a tool to do that, that shows you the differences in the two files – much better because the computer looks for the changes, not the user. EDIT: Text Wrangler (also suggested in the comments) seems to do a lot of what TextPad does, although I wouldn’t say that it’s quite as easy to use as TextPad for some of the functions that the two have in common — but then, that may be partly due to my lack of familiarity with the program. And wonder of wonders, it is free!
  6. (I know, I said five, but consider this a “bonus” added a couple months after the original article): WinSCP – There are times when you can SSH into a remote system, but if you want to look at the directory structure without doing a bunch of typing at the command prompt, the only thing that will work is SCP (no, SFTP won’t always work in such situations – maybe in theory it should, but very often SFTP login attempts are rejected). SCP is sort of the “fallback” when nothing else will work, and it’s proved invaluable on several occasions over the last several years. Under Windows, I’ve always used WinSCP, because it shows me the files in a dual-pane display similar to that of Total Commander or Midnight Commander, and lets me easily copy files to and from the remote system. Apparently there simply isn’t a comparable program – certainly not one that’s as easy to use – available for the Mac.

The common thing about five out of six programs on this list is that they are easier to use than any of their Mac counterparts (that I’m aware of, anyway), and have additional capabilities as well. Note that I’m comparing Apples and Apples here, so to speak – I’m pretty sure I could find some really expensive software for the Mac that would do what these programs do (particularly for image and audio editing), but I’m not running a professional photography or recording studio, and none of the Windows programs I have listed were terribly expensive back when I was familiar with them. Anyway, if you use any of these and are considering moving to a Mac, be aware that you may have trouble finding something you like as well as you liked those programs.

If anyone has found replacements for any of the above that you are totally happy with, please feel free to leave a comment.  But note that if you are commenting on a Winamp replacement, it’s either got to support Winamp plugins or at least have the equivalent of the SqrSoft Advanced Crossfading Output plugin built in, or it doesn’t count (you can still leave a comment, of course, it’s just that I already know of plenty of other ways to play audio files without crossfading).

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Mini-review of Asterisk Gateway Interface 1.4 and 1.6 Programming

As I noted previously, Packt Publishing sent me a complementary copy of the book, “Asterisk Gateway Interface 1.4 and 1.6 Programming”, and I have previously published an article drawn from from the contents of the book.

As I also noted in that article, I’m NOT currently a PHP coder, so it’s a bit difficult for me to comment on the book. Not that the book is exclusively for PHP coders, but virtually all the examples are in PHP, so if you really want to understand what’s going on, you probably have to know at least some PHP.

So before I continue, let me run Packt Publishing’s little blub from the previous article, to get the cover photo and linking out of the way:

Asterisk Gateway Interface 1.4 and 1.6 Programming Design and develop Asterisk-based VoIP telephony platforms and services using PHP and PHPAGI

  • Develop voice-enabled applications utilizing the collective power of Asterisk, PHP, and the PHPAGI class library
  • Learn basic elements of a FastAGI server utilizing PHP and PHPAGI
  • Develop new Voice 2.0 mesh-ups using the Asterisk Manager
  • Add Asterisk application development skills to your development arsenal, enriching your market offering and experience
  • Up to date for Asterisk version 1.6 and covers all previous versions

http://www.packtpub.com/asterisk-gateway-interface-programming/book

Okay, that’s the publisher’s word on the book. Now here’s my take: The one thing I thought was not right about this book was how many pages you have to go through before you get to what is supposed to be the book’s subject. The first chapter is about Installing a ‘Vanilla’ Asterisk. Now really, if someone is contemplating the purchase of this book, don’t you think it’s likely that they have Asterisk (in some form) already installed?

The second chapter is on Basic IVR Development: Using the Asterisk DialPlan and while I suppose this chapter is somewhat useful in laying the groundwork for what is to come, by the time you are through with it you are already up to page 53. And then comes the next chapter: More IVR Development: Input, Recordings, and Call Control. And that chapter ends on page 73. This is a problem because the last regular page of the book, at the end of Chapter 10, is page 191 – which basically means that nearly half the book is devoted to installing Asterisk from scratch, and then creating an IVR the old-fashioned way (if I want an IVR I’ll create it in FreePBX, thank you very much). And there is virtually nothing about AGI programming in those initial three chapters.

Finally, in Chapter 4, starting on page 75, we get into A Primer to AGI: Asterisk Gateway Interface – and this is where the book hits its stride and keeps on going. If you know PHP but know next to nothing about Asterisk AGI programming, this book will teach you the basics of what you need to know to start writing AGI code – but perhaps just as important, it will teach you good coding practices. It explains when you should try to put code in the Asterisk DialPlan as opposed to putting it in an AGI script. It explains why certain languages are much better than others when you are writing an AGI script. And it will teach you the fundamental rationale behind AGI scripts – if you are a seldom-coder like me, you probably think that calling an AGI script is simply calling a bit of code written in some other programming language. Nothing could be further from the truth.

AGI scripts are actually quite a bit more powerful than many Asterisk users realize – I think that theoretically you could do most of your Asterisk programming from inside an AGI script, but that doesn’t mean you should. One of the things that the AGI shines at is obtaining data that’s not normally available to Asterisk – for example, information from a local or remote database, or even from a FTP server or web-based service. You’ve seen web-based “click to call” services like Jajah? That’s basically obtaining data from a web server so that Asterisk can initiate a callback, and this book shows you how something like that is set up.

I’ve heard it said that in many books there is one chapter that epitomizes the entire volume. In this case, there are about five chapters that are the heart of the book, but you will learn a great deal in those five chapters. Even without knowing a lick of PHP, I came away with a greater understanding of what AGI scripts are, and when and how they should be used. Had I actually been able to understand the PHP examples, I think I’d have had a much greater appreciation for the book. The author definitely knows his subject; and perhaps that’s why once he gets into it you feel like you’re getting solid information.

So I guess I would say this: If you judge the value of a book solely on page count, and you don’t need to know how to install Asterisk from scratch or set up an IVR, then you may feel a bit disappointed by this book (if that’s really the case, do yourself a favor and skip the first three chapters). But if you judge a text on how quickly it can bring you up to speed on a subject, and you want to learn Asterisk AGI programming, I think you’ll like it. Since the book relies so heavily on PHP, I think the first three chapters might have been better spent on an introduction to PHP – if the author would have covered that as well as he covers the Asterisk Gateway Interface, I’m sure I would have had a greater appreciation of this volume.

One other thing I noted is that this book seems to be very current – It’s not talking about Asterisk as it was two years ago. It was first published in January, 2009. That’s important when you are looking for information related to Asterisk, which can change quite a bit in a couple of years.

Asterisk Gateway Interface 1.4 and 1.6 Programming by Nir Simionovich
Chapter List:

Table of Contents
Preface
Chapter 1: Installing a ‘Vanilla’ Asterisk
Chapter 2: Basic IVR Development: Using the Asterisk DialPlan
Chapter 3: More IVR Development: Input, Recordings, and Call Control
Chapter 4: A Primer to AGI: Asterisk Gateway Interface
Chapter 5: AGI Scripting with PHP
Chapter 6: PHPAGI: An AGI Class Library in PHP
Chapter 7: FastAGI: AGI as a TCP Server
Chapter 8: AMI: The Asterisk Manager Interface
Chapter 9: Final Programming Project
Chapter 10: Scaling Asterisk Applications
Index

Or if you’d like to see a complete Table of Contents with subheadings, in outline form, go here.

Author Nir Simionovich’s blog

Disclosure:  I have not been and will not be paid anything for writing this article, and I do not receive any commission or other compensation from sales of this book, and the links in this article are not affiliate links (that is, I do not get paid anything because you click on a link, even if the link goes to the publisher’s site).  I did, however, receive a complementary (free) review copy of the book from the publisher, for which I am most grateful – but apparently the Federal Trade Commission considers that “compensation”, which bloggers are now required to disclose. I can only say that I would not write a good review of a sucky book just because I got a free copy (I can’t be bought in that manner, and even if I could, I wouldn’t sell myself out that cheaply!) but still, the FTC apparently wants you to know that I got “compensated” with a free book.

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Something’s happening here…..

EDIT: It turns out that perhaps, as so often happens, things are not as they first appeared. Rewrite time!

Added Link: BroadbandReports.com has also been covering this issue: FBI VoIP Raid Target Claims Innocence – Says AT&T and Verizon are just using FBI for debt collection

The other day, when I posted my anti-large-corporation screed, I’m sure some of you thought I’d flipped, or had eaten too much tainted peanut butter or something. Well, for those of you who may still have doubts about who is running the country these days, I’ll like to quote something I found (via a Twitter link) in its entirety. This was written by Matthew Simpson, who is the CEO of Core IP Networks, LLC, and comes to us by way of Digg. Unfortunately there is no date on it, but I’m thinking that the events related herein must have happened sometime in the last week:

Matthew Simpson
Core IP Networks LLC

Dear Customers,

Today at 6:00am, the FBI conducted an unwarranted early morning raid of our 2323 Bryan Street Datacenters, on the 7th and 24th floors.

I received a phone call at 6:05am from our NOC that the entire network was powered off. I called Capstar Commercial and TELX, our landlord, and was told that the FBI was in the datacenter with a search and seizure warrant. I asked that the agent in charge call me immediately.

I received a call 15 minutes later from FBI Agent Allyn Lynd. Mr. Lynd would not tell me why he raided our datacenter or what he was looking for. He also accused me of hiding inside my house in Ovilla, Texas. I was actually in Phoenix, Arizona when this happened. I told him that, and he told me that he was “getting the dogs” after me, and hung up on me. I found out from an employee that there were 15 police cars and a SWAT team at my home in Ovilla.

The FBI has seized all equipment belonging to our customers. Many customers went to the data center to try and retrieve their equipment, but were threatened with arrest.

Neither I, nor Core IP are involved in any illegal activities of any kind. The only data that I have received thus far is that the FBI is investigating a company that has purchased services from Core IP in the past. This company does not even colocate with us anywhere, much less 2323 Bryan Street Datacenter.

Currently nearly 50 businesses are completely without access to their email and data. Citizen access to Emergency 911 services are being affected, as Core IP’s primary client base consists of telephone companies.

If you run a datacenter, please be aware that in our great country, the FBI can come into your place of business at any time and take whatever they want, with no reason.

I can be reached for further comment at: mnsclec@gmail.com
Further information will be given as it becomes available.

Yours,
Matthew Simpson
CEO, Core IP Networks, LLC

(Emphasis added)

Yes, this sort of thing is still happening in our country, even though we voted for change. But what does this have to do with large corporations? Well, according to the Digg headline and a couple of Twitter tweets I’ve seen, the thing that kicked off this investigation was that someone leaked a copy of the upcoming Wolverine movie onto the net. I haven’t seen any “official” confirmation of that yet, but that’s the word that seems to be circulating on the ‘net at this point. If CBS 11 news (Dallas/Ft. Worth) has the straight facts (and you will see my comments about how much I think the media can be trusted in a situation like this), it has nothing to do with a leaked movie and everything to do with, and I quote, “alleged massive fraud scheme against AT&T and Verizon.” Read their full report before you continue, and see if it’s clear to you what’s actually happening here.

Now, I want you to stop and let that sink in for a moment. It appears that agents of our government simply came in and took computer equipment, most of which was probably not being used in connection with ANY criminal activity, (Edit: I guess we don’t know at this point how much of it might have been associated with criminal activity), and some of which was being used to provide emergency telephone service, and for what reason? A terrorist threat? Child pornography? Cracking a massive drug smuggling operation?

No, it was apparently because a large movie studio telephone company or two might – MIGHT – have lost some profit because people downloaded an illegal copy of a movie has been defrauded in some way. In other words, this action was not in any way intended to protect the American people. This was to protect a large corporation from possible – not proven, but possible – financial loss. Now, who did I say it was that was responsible for most of the evil in the world today? Wasn’t it the large corporations?

I’m certainly not saying that if such a leak fraud occurred, it wasn’t worthy of a federal investigation. But, there is such as thing as blowing up a house to kill a mouse. This action may or may not ever result in punishment for the actual perpetrators, but it certainly seems to have inconvenienced a lot of people and small businesses that had absolutely nothing to do with this. At what point is the “collateral damage” too great when investigating a crime, especially a crime of financial loss where there was never any threat to life, limb, or national security?

Edit: I’m dropping a couple of paragraphs here that probably weren’t all that relevant, given this new information. The article was already too long and I’m adding new material, so this part had to go.

This is probably yet another reason that companies that run datacenters need offsite backups. Along with risks from fire, floods, severe weather, and other natural and man-made disasters, you now apparently need to worry about law-enforcement officers fishing for evidence of criminal activity, even if that activity has nothing to do with you personally.

But the thing I wonder when reading this is, would they ever go into an AT&T or Verizon switching center and cart off all the computers and telephone switches if they thought those had been used in the commission of a possible crime companies had committed fraud? If they would, then we are all subject to having our phone service interrupted at the whim of the feds. If they would not, then aren’t they just picking on smaller companies that don’t have the legal resources and political connections of a company like AT&T or Verizon? And, since when did our federal government become the “enforcers” for the entertainment industry telecommunications giants anyway?

These are some questions that I think everyone should ponder, especially if you care about our constitutional freedoms (such as that part about “unreasonable search and seizure”) OR you run a small business that depends on computers, OR if you rely on the services of such a business. It may turn out that there’s more to this story than what’s been reported so far, but what we know at this point seems rather scary for those who value freedom.

Edit: Please note that if you go back into the annals of FCC cases and state PUC cases, there are many, MANY instances of allegations of fraud, where some company isn’t paying some amount that some other company thinks it’s owed. AT&T and Verizon aren’t immune from such allegations, either. Usually what happens is that a regulatory body decides who owes money to whom, and tells the company on the short end of the stick to pay up. Sometimes such a company simply runs out of funds, and once in a great while service to their customers gets cut off as a result. But this is the first time I’ve ever heard of a federal law enforcement agency going in and disrupting service for customers over what essentially seems to be a billing dispute, whether or not there is fraud involved. Keep in mind we are talking about cutting off an essential utility service for some users. I’m really glad they didn’t take this approach with Enron – who knows how long people might have been without electricity?

One afterthought – if and when the major news media gets this story, take what they say about it with several grains of salt, especially if they seem to be “blaming the victim.” It’s gotten to the point where most of the major media will just take a press handout from a law enforcement agency and print it as if it were gospel truth (Edit: Actually I don’t think that may be exactly what’s happening here, but the sense I get from the article is that the media doesn’t really have a handle on the situation at all – obviously they don’t understand the strange ways of telephone industry billing. If state and federal regulators have trouble understanding it, how much less can any reporter fathom what’s going on?). If you can’t see the problem with that, then you obviously don’t understand why our founding fathers thought that a free press was so important that they gave it constitutionally-protected status.  Unfortunately the press had abdicated its duty, so today anyone accused of wrongdoing is tried and convicted in the press by computer jockeys (I won’t even dignify them by calling them “reporters”) that don’t know the first thing about true investigative journalism. (Edit: Okay, so I may have been a BIT harsh when I wrote that – it was actually a backhanded reference to something in the paragraphs I deleted – but the fact remains that if the media really wants to understand this, they are going to have to talk to some folks who understand the situation AND who don’t have “a dog in this fight”, so to speak. If they just take the law enforcement handouts and try to make sense of those, they are never going to get to the bottom of what is really happening here).

Final edit: I’m actually amazed at how much of my original article was still applicable in light of the new facts. The bottom line is, we still appear to have federal law enforcement agencies acting as collection agents (or worse) for large corporations. The only fault with my original article was that early reports mis-identified which large corporations might have been the instigators. It’s still a sad day when law enforcement officials would deliberately disrupt service in this manner, no matter what crime they thought had been committed. Even if they thought the servers were stolen property (and I’m not saying that any such allegation was made), they could have still given the innocent companies that use those servers a small window of time to get their data migrated someplace else (at least a couple of business days, I would think). Justice would still have been served.

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