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Some advance information on FreePBX 3 and FreeSWITCH?

I’m passing along the following information, received from someone who wishes to remain anonymous (and I will respect that). So if you like, treat this as unverified information, wild-ass guess or what you will, but I suspect it’s pretty accurate – I guess we’ll know for sure at some point this afternoon (note that when he says “tomorrow”, that’s probably “today” for most readers, unless you’re in a western time zone and you catch this post when it first appears):

Tomorrow there will be a speech on building modular GUIs for FreeSWITCH. This is really an announcement of the new FreePBX v3. It will be demoed at Cluecon tomorrow, Wednesday, at 3pm. FreePBX 3 is a collection of ideas from the TCAPI and Phonebooth project merged with the lessons of the FreePBX and AMP projects. The community is still being run and coached by Philippe Lindheimer, but the lead on the TCAPI project (and some of its code) has been ported to a brand new framework – now known as FreePBX 3. More information is at http://www.freepbx.org/v3/

You should be aware that FreePBX 2 is NOT going away or suffering from a lack of development – infact, Philippe is likely releasing the next revision of FreePBX 2 shortly.

The software aims to be fully modular while remaining open source. When we say modular, this involves both modular switching and modular functionality. You don’t have to use the system as a PBX, although initially that is what most modules will revolve around.

So there you have it. Very interesting, no?

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The Consumerist: Beware Buying Advice From Bloggers On The Take (Commentary)

Image source: Wikimedia Commons

Image source: Wikimedia Commons

The Consumerist has posted an article entitled, Beware Buying Advice From Bloggers On The Take. The gist of the matter is that there is no “code of ethics” for bloggers, and therefore you get all sorts of opinions, some bought and paid for. And that is true, as far as it goes.

I will tell you this much up front. I have accepted freebies in the past, in two categories. One is books — publishers frequently send out review copies of books, and I’m not above reviewing one, once in a while. I did this 25 years ago when I was writing for a computer club newsletter and I’ll still very occasionally do it today. The difference today is I’m a lot more selective – usually I won’t even accept a book unless I think there’s at least some chance it will be interesting or useful to me. Just within the last week, I declined the opportunity to review a book because, frankly, I have a bias against both the company behind the product that is the subject of the book, and against the author of the book, due to (ironically enough) what I considered unethical practices by both.

To my way of thinking, once a book goes out to a reviewer it cannot be resold as new anyway, so why would the publisher want it back? At that point it has minimal value — sure, I suppose that I could resell it as a used book if I were so inclined, but I don’t ever do that. But more to the point, the fact that it’s a free book isn’t sufficient to cause me to write enthusiastic praise about it, particularly if the book is a real dog.

The other category is hardware. In the two cases where I have reviewed a hardware product since starting this blog, I have contacted the distributor of that product because it was something that I was interested in and because I thought the product was something more people should know about. I basically wanted to verify that the product worked as advertised. In one case the product was so interesting to me that what I had intended to be a one-post review turned into a seven-part series, and yet I still reported as honestly as I could on the subject (does anyone who read that series not get that I thought the documentation that came with the unit was deficient?). I didn’t say good things about the unit because I got to keep it after the review; instead I said good things about it because it works well and could solve a problem that many users have (getting VoIP to work through a difficult firewall setup).

The actual reason that I had become interested in that particular product was because I had recently tried (and failed) to help someone get a SIP connection working using a Linksys PAP2 on a connection that had to go through two routers. The double NAT setup just killed the audio in both directions, and the guy I was trying to help wasn’t inclined to spend a lot of time troubleshooting. I got to thinking how nice it would be to have a VoIP adapter available that uses the IAX protocol, which usually works quite well in that sort of situation. The Atcom AG-188N seemed like a good choice, but I didn’t have an immediate need for one, so I thought I’d try requesting a review sample. And when I received it, it was one of those happy situations where the unit actually delivered a lot more than I had expected (even if the documentation left something to be desired).

But would I ever write a bad review of a hardware product I had received for free? Oh, yes, I certainly would. Back in the early days of the TRS-80 computer, I had an early dot matrix printer (to this day I’m embarrassed to say what I paid for that thing – suffice it to say I could probably buy about ten laser printers today for what that underpowered dot-matrix printer cost back then). Anyway, a company that was advertising in one of the computer magazines was selling a device that, when inserted between the computer and the printer, was supposed to provide enhanced page-formatting capability (remember, back then most dot-matrix printers were LINE printers and had no text formatting capabilities whatsoever). I requested a review unit, and had it worked even reasonably well I would have reported that honestly. But frankly, the product sucked. Not only did it not work as advertised, it actually interfered with normal printing!

I reported that as accurately as I could, and advised people to avoid the unit. The manufacturer was very upset with me, to put it mildly, and wrote me a nasty letter demanding I return their product, which I was more than happy to do (who needs a piece of useless electronic junk lying around?), even though I was under no legal obligation to do so (I then wrote a followup article, noting the manufacturer’s petulance). Apparently they thought that by giving me a free unit, I could be bought – and they were wrong. Free or not, it still has to work as advertised.

There are two things I will not do. One is that I will not let someone else write a review for me and publish it in my blog. If and when I use someone else’s words, I clearly identify them (for example, I might include a list of product specifications from the manufacturer’s web site, but I will tell you the source, and usually include a link). The other is that I would never accept any payment to write a review. I guess I don’t consider being allowed to keep an under-$100 product as payment (now, if I were reviewing expensive wide-screen TV’s, that might be a different matter). Again, my reasoning is that once I’ve had the product in my possession, it can no longer be sold as new, and frankly I don’t want the bother and expense of having to ship it back, and I usually wouldn’t have requested it in the first place if I didn’t think it might be useful to me at some point. But think about it – if the only “compensation” I am getting is being allowed to keep the product, and the product is a piece of crap, what possible inducement would I have to say anything good about it?

I know that a few of the major print magazines make it a point to ship review products back to the manufacturer when they are finished with them, but they usually have a lot larger budgets than most bloggers (not to mention an in-house shipping department). But keep in mind that not all reviews you see in a magazine are necessarily the result of in-house testing. Some of them may be “work for hire”, which is to say, articles purchased from independent writers not directly affiliated with the magazine. In those cases, you (and perhaps the magazine publisher) have no way of knowing if the reviewer got to keep the product — or got any other form of compensation (beyond what the magazine paid) for writing the article.

Because the FTC and others are suddenly become concerned about this, I’m probably going to have to add a line to any future reviews, that says something like “Disclosure: The publisher let me keep the book after I was finished reviewing it”, or, “Disclosure: The distributor or manufacturer provided this product for review purposes and is not requiring me to return it” whenever that is the case. I’d suggest that other bloggers who accept books or products for review may want to do the same.

But what you really need to beware of are those bloggers that will publish “ghost written” reviews, or that actually accept money (or other compensation) to write positive reviews. The thing you are trying to detect is the “quid pro quo”, where there is an actual or implied understanding that the blogger will only write a positive review. One possible tipoff is when a review says only good things (nothing is perfect, after all), but on the other hand, keep in mind that it is possible that the reviewer was simply very impressed with the book or product (it does happen — sometimes a product really surprises you). Perhaps a larger clue is if the blog in question seems to deal almost exclusively in reviews and other “PR” type material — or has only one or two posts since creation, and they both just happen to be reviews! Of course, I would hope that (whenever possible) people would seek out multiple reviews before buying a product, and not just depend on a single blog posting.

Anyway, if anyone has a VoIP-related product they want reviewed, my conditions would generally be these: First, I don’t write reviews for hire, so expect an honest evaluation. Second, if the product costs under $100 (retail) and you decide you want it back after the review, I’m probably going to think you’re a little bit chintzy, but you’d best mention that fact up front. Third, in any case, if you want it back you’ll need to provide a prepaid UPS return shipping label (and be aware that I don’t live all that close to a UPS dropoff point, so it might be a little while before you get it back). Fourth, in the future I’ll probably have to add a disclosure line to my reviews, as mentioned above. And fifth, and most important, I don’t have the time or inclination to review anything and everything, so unless it’s something I have a particular interest in (such as a VoIP-related product) don’t be surprised if I decline — I do not want this to turn into a “review blog.”

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Comment on Michael Jackson’s death

As if you haven’t read enough already, right?

Normally I’m not a person impressed by celebrities. I remember one time, when I was much younger, helping a friend out with a show that was essentially an opening act for a private birthday party for someone who was very big in the motion picture business (people today might not recognize the name, but let’s just say he was a huge name in the 30’s and 40’s, and this was like his 80th birthday party, if I recall correctly).  It was held in the Palmer House in Chicago, another institution that had once been huge, but was already past its prime. There were some big name celebrities there (one big TV star in particular) and everyone was going ga-ga over the fact that all these big shots were around.  And I remember being totally unimpressed – I was so tired from the setup work we’d done that I wouldn’t even go out to see the show. Everyone looked at me kind of funny, but I just explained that those people didn’t impress me, and I meant it.

But I would have gone to see Michael Jackson.  I liked his music.  Unlike most folks, I think I liked him better when he was with the Jackson Five (I didn’t care for “Thriller” much, although the song “Billie Jean” definitely got stuck in my head for a while).

The reason I bring this up is that I remember when I first saw the Jacksons on TV, probably when I was in my late teens, and upon learning that Michael was only eight years old, I remember thinking “this kid has already done more with his life than I will probably ever do with mine.”  And I think it was the first, and maybe one of the only times that I was ever genuinely envious of any celebrity.  Of course, I had no way of knowing that he’d been raised in an allegedly abusive home (I can’t believe that his father is being allowed to take care of his kids, even temporarily!), nor how much he envied “normal” kids. And I certainly had no idea of the paths his life would take, nor how it would end. I suspect that when the dust clears, there’s going to be plenty of blame to go around for who caused his death (see this article from the U.K. Daily Mail for some additional insight), but probably not enough to pin on any specific individual.

I’ve always said that groups of individuals will do evil that no one of them would do if solely responsible (hence my dislike of large corporations, which are almost always evil to some degree). That was probably the case here. No one person killed Michael, but many people – primarily greedy people – took their toll. It may have been a case of “death by a thousand cuts”, some much deeper than others.

In any case, looking back, it’s obvious how foolish I was to in any way be envious of Michael Jackson. And nowadays, I always wonder why celebrities seems to have so much “clout” with the public. Why can they get elected to public office, even if barely qualified for the job? Why can they address legislative bodies on social matters, delivering their opinions as if they were some type of authority on any subject? Why do people look up to them at all?

If there’s any lesson to be learned from Michael Jackson’s life and death, I think it is this: Although we can appreciate the talent a particular person may have, we should not wish to be them, nor to emulate them. Sometimes it seems as though the bigger they are, the more troubles they have, and the more likely they are to fall into a destructive lifestyle and (sometimes) early death. Not only that, but if they have kids, those kids will always be in their shadow. No matter what Michael Jackson’s kids do, they will always be known as his children, for whatever that is worth. Would you really want that sort of life? I wouldn’t, and most people wouldn’t. Michael was sort of forced into it by the choices his parents made, and by the time he was old enough to make his own decisions, much of the direction of his life had already been set. Would you want that sort of life for one of your kids?

I’m not big on organized religion (to put it mildly), but one thing most major religions teach is that envy is a destructive force. And it really is, but the kicker is that most of the people we envy (celebrities in particular) we probably would not envy at all if we really knew what they were going through. Is envy driving your life, or your aspirations for your children’s lives? Just something to think about.

Thank you, Michael, for all the great music.

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Review of Atcom AG-188N IAX+SIP ATA (VoIP adapter) – Part 4 – Setting up SIP, and securing the adapter

After yesterday’s installment we had pretty much configured the VoIP side of the Atcom AG-188N (sold in North America by CIGear) using the IAX protocol. Of course, even though IAX is the superior protocol for getting audio through difficult firewalls, there are still many reasons someone might need to use SIP — perhaps the most compelling reason being that many commercial VoIP providers only offer connections using SIP protocol.

Fortunately, setting up the SIP configuration on this unit is pretty straightforward. Just click on SIP Config (not SIP) in the left-hand menu, and this screen appears:

Atcom AG-188N SIP configuration screen

Atcom AG-188N SIP configuration screen

If you’re connecting to an Asterisk or FreePBX server, you probably only need to fill in the following:

  • Register Server Addr — this is the address of your server, such as 192.168.0.100 or myserver.dyndns.com
  • Register Server Port — the SIP port number of the server — note that while the default of 5060 is most common, there may be cases where a different port is used, so it pays to check.
  • Register Username — just use your extension number here, unless you are instructed otherwise.
  • Register Password — the same as the Asterisk “secret” for your extension.
  • Phone Number — your extension number (again).
  • Display Name — The name you want to appear in the other party’s Caller ID display if you ever do a direct SIP-to-SIP call.  FreePBX and most providers will ignore this, instead using the name associated with your account.
  • Enable Register – Always check this box, to enable SIP registration, if you plan to use SIP.
  • SIP(Default Protocol) — This sets the default protocol to SIP for outgoing calls. If you check this box, it automatically unchecks the box that makes IAX the default protocol on the IAX setup screen.

As long as you haven’t changed any of the default settings (as shown on the above screenshot), everything will very likely work.  You should try a test call and see if you can connect. If so, I then recommend that you try changing the Register Expire Time — the manual says the default on this is 600 seconds, but as you can see from the screenshot above, it’s actually set to 60 seconds, which means it re-registers once per minute, which may generate a lot of unnecessary traffic between you and the server. The manual also says that the AG-188N “will auto configure this expire time to the server recommended setting if it is different from the SIP server.”  Huh? In any case, I’d try setting the registration higher – you can try the 600 second default, but many adapters  go even higher (a 3600 second re-registration is not uncommon).  However, if you pick up the phone and find you don’t get dial tone sometimes, or if your callers get a congestion signal sometimes, you may need to go for a lower value.  I can tell you from personal experience that some users served by a DSL line might need a shorter re-registration interval.

Here’s what the other settings are for.  You probably won’t need to change any of these from the default, unless your system administrator or provider specifically tells you to do so:

  • Proxy Server Addr, Proxy Server Port, Proxy Username, Proxy Password — in almost all cases these will be the same as the equivalent Register values, and that’s what the AG-188N assumes if you leave these blank, so very few users would have any need to fill these in.
  • Domain Realm — if you leave this blank, the AG-188N will use the proxy server address as the SIP domain, which in most cases is fine.  However, if you are using a dotted IP address (such as 192.168.0.100) as the server address, and the server is misconfigured, you (very rarely) might need to put the server’s external address (such as myserver.dyndns.com) here.
  • Detect Interval Time — this is only applicable if you check the Auto Detect Server checkbox, in which case the AG-188N will try to detect whether the SIP server is available at the interval specified here. I had originally thought that perhaps, if  the server could not be detected (or the network connection was lost), the AG-188N would stop delivering dial tone.  But nooooo — in my testing it made absolutely no difference. What it actually does is let you use a second, “fallback” SIP account if your first account goes down!  See the note on the “Auto Detect server” checkbox below.
  • Encrypt Key — the manual is silent on this, but if the server supports encryption on SIP connections, then I would guess you’d put the key here.
  • DTMF Mode — with SIP connections you have three different ways of sending touch tones to the server: RFC2833, DTMF_RELAY (inband audio), and SIP info.  In most cases you’ll leave this at RFC2833, but in some cases, particular if you are having issues with distant systems not recognizing your touch tones, you may want to try a different method.  Inband audio should probably be your last choice, but I have seen cases where it’s the only thing that would work.  Note that the way the server is configured can also have an effect on how tones are passed – even if you send the tones inband, your server may be converting them to RFC2833 before sending them “upstream.”
  • Local SIP port — the local SIP registeration port, which defaults to 5060, which is almost always what you want to use.
  • RFC Protocol Edition — according to the manual, you would only need to set this to RFC 2543 if you are trying to communicate to devices (such as a CISCO 5300) using the SIP 1.0 protocol. The default is RFC 3261, and unless specifically instructed otherwise, that’s the setting you should use.
  • Server types in SIP config window

    AG-188N Server types in SIP configuration screen

  • Server Type — leave this on “common” unless you happen to be connecting to one of the “uncommon” servers shown in the dropdown (pictured at right).
  • User agent — much as your web browser sends a User Agent string to identify itself, VoiP adapters also send an identification string.  By default, the AG-188N sends the rather boring “Voip Phone 1.0″ but you can change that here, although about the only person who would ever see it is the system administrator of the system you’re connecting to.  While you could possibly put something more interesting in here (I’ll leave it to your imagination!), I wouldn’t advise it if the system administrator is not known to have any discernible sense of humor. :)

The AG-188N manual is mostly silent with regard to the checkboxes we’ve not already mentioned. In fact, it only mentions these three:

  • Enable Register — Enable or Disable SIP registration. The AG-188N won’t attempt to register with the SIP server if this isn’t checked, so leave it checked as long as you’re using SIP.
  • Auto Detect server — Okay, here’s how the manual describes this one: “co-work with Server Auto Swap and Detect Interval Time. Enable this option, AG-188N will periodically detect whether the public SIP server is available, if the server is unavailable, the AG-188N will switch to the back-up SIP sever, and continue detecting the public sip server. AG-188N will switch back to the primary SIP server if the server is available again.” Yes, folks, this device lets you use TWO sip accounts, and fallback to the second if the first goes down! Interestingly, although the manual makes reference to a “Server Auto Swap” checkbox, I’m sure not seeing it anyhere on this page.
  • Enable Via rport — checked by default, this configures support for RFC 3581.  If you really want to know, see this FAQ.  If you don’t, just leave it checked.

What about the other checkboxes? Here’s my best guesses, supplemented by additional information from Atcom manuals for some of their other products.  I’d leave all of these at the default setting unless you really know what you are doing:

  • Enable PRACK — read this — the phrase “Numerous implementation problems seen in the field” is enough to discourage me from checking this box! Another Atcom manual offers this: “enable the PRACK in SIP which is mainly used in special ring tone, recommend to keep the default setting.” Do you need any other reasons to avoid it?
  • Enable Keep Authentication — feel free to check this if you like, but the unit seems to stay registered without it. A manual for a different Atcom device says  that this enables “registration with authentication request to be sent to sever together”, while yet another Atcom manual says that it enables “registering signal together with the authentication information. If enable it, the server will confirm the registering and send back the confirmation massage directly instead of requesting the terminals to send authentication information if needed.”  Yeah, that clears it right up for me!
  • Signal Encrypt, RTP Encrypt — if your server supports encryption, and you have filled in the Encrypt Key field, you almost certainly need to check these to make it work.
  • Enable Session Timer — a session timer is a way to determine whether a call session is still active.  Apparently this “enables RFC4028 to refresh the SIP sessions”, according to another Atcom manual.
  • Answer With Single Codec — other Atcom manuals say, “only answer the call with a certain Codec.” My best guess here would be that this will only use your “preferred” codec when answering a call. If the server doesn’t support your preference, you probably won’t receive any calls.

Now, above I mentioned that you can actually have two active SIP accounts on this device, in addition to an active IAX account, presumably in addition to having a landline plugged into the PSTN port.  I suppose that means that potentially, one phone could receive calls from, or place calls to as many as four different sources!  I doubt many people will actually use the device with more than one account, but it’s interesting nonetheless that this adapter has this capability!

I will note that things may not always work quite as you’d hope in a multi-account configuration.  I set it up so that there would be one SIP account and one IAX account active on the unit.  When I had an active call in progress on one account, I’d try calling the other and I always got a busy signal, even though call waiting is enabled. I had rather hoped that if you were using one account and a call came in on anther, it would activate call waiting, although since I am among those that would probably never have a reason to use this device with multiple accounts, that’s kind of a non-issue for me. Call waiting DOES work if another call comes in on the same account while you are on a call, and there may be situations where it would work across multiple accounts (I didn’t test with two SIP accounts, for example).

The manual seems to confirm my suspicions that IAX and SIP don’t work together as well as one might hope:

How many SIP servers may AG-188N register simultaneously?
AG-188N support 2 SIP servers and a IAX server. The Default server is SIP. If you want to use the IAX server you must set IAX as default protocol in the IAX config page. IAX and SIP can register simultaneously but not work simultaneously. If you set 2 SIP servers in the SIP setting page, you can choose the route (server) by dialing plan which is edited by you. Please see “How to use the dial rule?” for detail.

Before you get too perturbed by this, ask yourself how many other devices let you use multiple accounts from the same phone.  And if you’re wondering how you would select which account to use for a particular call when multiple accounts are available, that sort of thing is accomplished in the Dial-Peer screen, which we briefly covered yesterday.  You probably will need to read the manual to learn how to set it up.

You might be wondering how you’d set up that second SIP account. That’s accomplished by looking in the “Advance” section of the left-hand menu, and clicking on SIP.  When you do that you get this screen:

Atcom AG-188N Advanced SIP configuration screen

Atcom AG-188N Advanced SIP configuration screen

As you can see, it’s pretty much a duplicate of the other SIP configuration screen, but without as many settings, and with the word “Private” inserted into many of the description texts (not sure why they chose the word “Private” to describe the second account, but oh well).  Really, there are only five new settings here:

  • STUN Server Addr — If you use a STUN server, enter its address here
  • STUN Server Port — If you use a STUN server, enter the port number here. The default STUN server port is 3478.
  • STUN Effect Time — a different Atcom manual is far less confusing on this item: “STUN detect NAT type interval time. If NAT found a link inactive for a certain time, it will close the link so you need to send a packet within a interval time to keep the link alive.”
  • Enable URI Convert — convert # into %23 when sending URI (from a different Atcom manual, since it’s not in the one for the AG-188N).
  • Enable SIP Stun — A different Atcom manual sums this STUN stuff up nicely: SIP STUN is used for NAT transverse. When you config STUN server’s address and port (default 3478) and enable it, then you can use the normal SIP server to make the IP phone transverse NAT.

I will point out that more than likely, if you define a STUN server on this page, the AG-188N will be able to utilize it whether you are using the primary SIP account, or the “Private” account defined on this page. So it’s just slightly confusing that although at first glance this appears to be the settings for the second account, there are a few items here that could affect the ability of both accounts to penetrate NAT firewalls.

By the way, if you want to know more about STUN you can always try Wikipedia, and if you need to find a public STUN server, just Google public stun servers, and your desire should be met! That said, I’ve never had much luck trying to use a STUN server, and in most cases you won’t need to use one, which perhaps is why these settings were placed on this page.

If you’re starting to see that in many ways this device is more full-featured than some other VoIP adapters that are out there (and probably easier to configure), you can understand why I really like this unit – well, for the most part. And that brings me to the subject of security.

When you first access the unit, you have to login, and that’s to be expected. While some competing adapters don’t force you to use a username and password, they basically only have two accounts — user and admin.  The AG-188N has those (well, actually, guest and admin) by default, but you can add more.  If you click on “Account Management” in the left-hand menu, it brings you to the screen shown below, minus the entry fields at the bottom — those only come up when you press Add, to add an account:

Atcom AG-188N Account configuration page

Atcom AG-188N Account configuration page

It’s probably obvious that this is also the page you’d go to if you wanted to change a user’s password, or to delete an account.

There are two user levels possible, Root and General. General users only get to see a limited subset of the pages: WAN Config, LAN Config, Audio Settings, WEB Update, FTP/TFTP Update, Auto Provisioning, and Logout & Reboot. I’m not sure why you’d need to add additional users, but you can. Anyway, it appears you have to set a User name and Password for all users.

And normally that would not be any problem at all, except that while writing this review I’ve had to go back into the interface several times to look at the configuration, and if I haven’t done anything in there for a few minutes it apparently logs me off, and then I’m forced to login all over again! While I suppose this is really a good thing — if you happen to leave your browser open to this device and then leave, some mischief-maker can’t come along half an hour later and start changing settings on you — it’s still kind of a pain when you are doing something like this.  Oh, well, I guess it really is a good thing!

For those that want extra security, you can go to the “MMI Filter” page and set a filter by address range:

Atcom AG-188N MMI Filter screen

Atcom AG-188N MMI Filter screen

When the MMI filter is enabled, only IP addresses between the start IP and the end IP can access the AG-188N. It’s a good dose of extra security, but be careful not to lock yourself out — and remember, if you ever take your adapter with you when you travel, whatever network you happen to land upon may not be using the same IP range as your home network.  So I don’t think I’d advise setting this if you travel a lot, but at least the AG-188N gives you the option, something that some other adapters do not.

What’s next?  Well, we haven’t even really touched on the networking functions in this unit. Stay tuned for the next installment!

Disclosure: CIGear provided me with an Atcom AG-188N for review purposes, and allowed me to keep it after I was finished writing this series, and for that I am most grateful.

Previous Installment | Next Installment

Articles in the series: Review of Atcom AG-188N IAX+SIP ATA (VoIP adapter)

Part 1 – The unboxing
Part 2 – Initial setup using IAX
Part 3 – Setting the time and configuring outbound dialing
Part 4 – Setting up SIP, and securing the adapter
Part 5 – Networking and Internal Router
Part 6 – Final Thoughts and Summary Review
Part 7 – Addendum

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Why haven’t any commercial VoIP providers implemented Caller ID popup notifications?

Here’s an idea for any commercial VoIP provider that cares to implement it. When a call comes in, send a Caller ID popup to the subscriber, so if they are online, they can see who is calling on their computer screen.

But, how to send the popup?  Here are three possible suggestions:

1) Use your own Jabber server, and allow people to connect using any Jabber client.  Most multi-protocol instant messaging software allows connection to a Jabber server (Gtalk uses Jabber, so if the client can connect to Gtalk it can likely connect to any other Jabber server).

2) Get an account on a well-known IM service (such as AIM or Gtalk) and use that service to send IM’s to people existing accounts:  Advantage – you don’t have to run your own server.  Disadvantage – you’re not running your own server, so it isn’t under your control.

3) Send a networked Growl message.  Growl is a popup notification service originally developed for Mac OS X, but there is also a version of Growl for Windows. It’s already possible to do this under FreePBX, using the instructions under the “Alternate Method” on this page. I know that the method shown there may not exactly scale up for commercial use, but it certainly provides a starting point.  The one thing I do suggest, in any commercial application, is that the user be allowed (on the user portal) to specify a destination address, password, AND alternate Growl TCP and UDP ports – the reason being that if you have several users on the same local network, you may have to remap alternate Growl ports to the original Growl port on the destination machine. By default, Growl uses TCP port 23052 and UDP port 9887 for communication, but at the router the user could remap different TCP and UDP ports to go to different machines on a particular network.  Advantage – more secure than IM and you don’t need to run a Jabber server or depend on someone else’s service.  Disadvantage is it requires installation of Growl (most Mac users do this anyway, I think) and setting up the router to send incoming Growl notifications to the correct machine.

4) Develop another method to send the notifications and provide your own client.  But if you do that, please make sure that it will interface with Growl on the Mac, and not try to do its own popups (interfacing with Growl is very easy – if I can figure it out, I’m sure any competent programmer can).

I will also mention, my preferred format for a popup looks like this:

  • Caller Name (from Caller ID.  Strip any quote marks, please).
  • Caller Number (Please make it pretty, e.g. 1-800-555-1212 or 800-555-1212, not 18005551212 or 8005551212)
  • [for] Number called (e.g. for 234-567-8900 so you know which DID/line the call came in on)
  • 3:34 PM on Tuesday, May 19, 2009 (so you can look at it at a glance, even a few days later if you were out of town for the weekend, and know exactly when the call came in – assuming you set the notifications not to go away after a few seconds, which is possible with Growl. Please, no leading zeroes or abbreviations, make it look nice!).

Others may have different preferences, but that’s mine. The time, day and date is important to me, because it makes a difference if I know when when someone called. Depending on the person calling, do you give the same weight to a call placed at 2:00 AM as opposed to one at 10:00 AM, or 7:00 PM?

Oh, and even if your provider doesn’t do this, but uses a Linksys or Sipura adapter to provide your service, you may still be able to have the popups – see our post, BETA Perl script for Caller ID popups when using Linksys/Sipura devices.

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Frontier: Existing FiOS will be continued, but “no plans” to expand into new areas

Sometimes, when you want to know the answer to a question, you need only ask.  I sent the following e-mail this morning to a Frontier Communications e-mail address, after receiving the initial press release but before some of the later reports had been released:

I’d like to ask two questions about your Verizon acquisition plans. First, will you be acquiring ALL of the wireline telephone exchanges in the affected states, or just some of them (I’m specifically interested in Michigan, but just wondered if you’re taking over all the wireline operations in the states mentioned in your press release, or just some of them).

And second, will you be expanding the FiOS footprint to include states in the upper midwest in which Verizon’s FiOS deployment has been slow to non-existent? Again, I’m specifically wondering about Michigan, but Verizon has been giving the cold shoulder to several of the states in the upper midwest with regard to FiOS.

Thanks in advance for any information you can provide.

This afternoon I received the following response from Ken Mason, the Vice President of Government and Regulatory Affairs for Frontier Communications:

Other than CA, we will be acquiring all of the Verizon ILEC operations in the affected states (including MI). On FiOS, we plan on continuing the operations in markets that are currently in place, including meeting the existing build out requirements but, at this point, there are not plans to expand into new areas.

If you would like to discuss, feel free to call me at [number redacted].

So there you have it, the official word from someone who should definitely be “in the know” on the subject.  I must say that I’m impressed that they responded to my e-mail so quickly, I just wish the news with regard to FiOS was a bit better!

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Is this a case of thinly-veiled racism in Muskegon County?

To those of you outside of Michigan, please bear with me while I post about a Western Michigan issue.  Go read this story in the Muskegon Chronicle – it’s short (only four paragraphs) and to the point.

Muskegon County is a funny place.  There are places that are racially mixed, and people of different races seem to get along just fine.  But there are also places that are not so diverse.  It’s not exactly overt discrimination, it’s just that in certain neighborhoods you get the strong impression that if you are of the “wrong” race you might not get along so well with your neighbors. If you look at the county as a whole, I think that race relations are probably better than in some other Michigan counties, and if you don’t like diversity you probably shouldn’t be living there.  But that said, there are the neighborhoods that are mostly black or mostly white.  The Oakridge School District probably tends to fall into the latter category. Some of its neighboring districts have a much higher percentage of black students.

What bothers me about the article is that the Oakridge School District says that the policy (of not accepting students from other districts) is one of their “six points of pride.”  Which raises the question – why should any district be proud of any form of non-acceptance?  That ought to be a point of shame.  If the reason you can’t accept other students is that your schools are overcrowded, or that you can’t afford enough quality teachers, or any other valid reason I can think of, that’s no reason to be proud.  If, on the other hand, you are offering a quality education but you are afraid that a student from an adjacent district might want to take advantage of it, well, that sure sounds like it might be a case of thinly-veiled racism from where I sit, and that’s certainly nothing to be proud of.

As it happens, I’m white, but I see that there are good (and bad) people of all races. When I was younger, I had hoped that my generation would be the one that would eradicate the scourge of racism from our nation.  Well, we’ve certainly come a long way, but then you see things like this which in my opinion are a step backward. It seems to me that the Oakridge School District has some explaining to do, and if they don’t want to explain, then they should understand that some people will perceive them as racist bigots trying to keep their schools as white as possible. And even if it turns out that they have a valid reason for not accepting “schools of choice” students, they probably ought to re-think calling it a point of pride.

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BroadbandReports.com: Frontier Imposes 5 GB Cap For DSL

There are a few Michigan residents in sparsely popluated areas of southern Michigan that are stuck with Frontier as their local wireline phone company. If any of those folks were sticking with Frontier just so they could get their DSL service, this might give them pause. According to this article at BroadbandReports.com, Frontier has imposed a ridiculously small monthly usage cap:

Frontier now declares that any monthly usage above 5 GB (bi-directional) is an unreasonable amount of usage.

What?!?!? On 56k dial-up, perhaps, but not on any wireline broadband service! A broadband user could possably use 5 GB in one evening if they decided to download a few (legal) videos, or maybe a few different Linux distros for comparison purposes. Granted that most people don’t blow through 5 GB in a day, but I’ll bet that a fairly high percentage of broadband users manage to exceed that in a month.

This kind of crap has the potential to serious backfire on the phone and cable companies (yes, some cable companies are starting to play these same games). The Internet has become too important to the nation’s commercial interests, and as gasoline prices continue to rise it will become even more important for people to be able to do things online. Watch for calls for regulation of the nation’s broadband companies if this nonsense keeps up.

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WTF?? DSLreports editorializes in favor of broadband caps!

At first I checked the calendar – nope, it’s not April Fools Day. Then I read the article to see if the title, “Editorial: Caps are welcome” was really a bit of headline sarcasm, and that the body of the article would complete the sentence in some way that would make sense (as in “Caps are welcome – in retirement homes”, though even that would make the unwarranted assumption that no senior citizen would actually want to use the bandwidth they are paying for).

I did discover that the author on this particular editorial actually lives in Australia, where apparently the broadband service is horrible, like it will be in the United States if the phone and cable companies get their way.

Anyway, without responding to the editorial point by point, I just want to mention what I think is the underlying fallacy behind the editorial, at least insofar as we in North America are concerned, and that is that the caps will only affect a small percentage of “broadband hogs” – these are supposedly the “heavy downloaders.”

Chicago Skyway toll plaza
Creative Commons License photo credit: mshobe

Now, let me point out that the satellite broadband providers have actually come up with a method of dealing with broadband over-usage that makes some degree sense, even though users tend to hate it. The way it generally works is, you are allowed to download so much per day. If you come close to reaching the limit, your download speed is severely reduced, for example to somewhere around 256K. The next day, you again receive full bandwidth (at least until you use up that day’s allotment). The point is, this makes sense for a lot of reasons – it accomplishes the goal of keeping anyone from using far too much bandwidth (to the point that it degrades service for other customers) but it still lets the customer access basic services like e-mail and web pages (although pages that contain embedded video will load rather slowly). And no customer ever gets hit with an unexpected bill for overage charges.

But, that’s not what some cable and phone companies want to do. Instead of actually limiting the bandwidth of those whose usage they consider excessive, their plan is to let them keep using bandwidth to their heart’s delight, then send a huge bill at the end of the month. If anyone can’t see the problem with this plan, you’re probably either not a U.S.A. resident or you are still in Junior High school using your parents’ Internet service.

Let’s think about this for just a moment. Do we think that, in the future, new Internet-based applications are going to use MORE or LESS bandwidth? Looking at past trends, my guess is MORE.

Now, then, do we think that new technology will make it MORE or LESS expensive to provide that bandwidth? Again, if we go by past trends, the cost of providing bandwidth should continue to drop, particularly as new technologies are developed that squeeze more bandwidth out of existing fiber circuits (that’s the nice thing about fiber, when you want more bandwidth you don’t usually have to replace the fiber, you just replace the equipment at the endpoints with something that utilizes the existing fiber more effectively).

Okay, now I want you to think really hard about this one. Even if customer bandwidth consumption stayed at current levels, and the cost of moving those bits around the world kept going down, do you think that a phone or cable company would ever reduce their prices (absent serious competition that does not now exist in most areas?). Have your phone and cable bills increased or decreased over the last several years?

Okay, so if your bandwidth usage has a tendency to go up, AND the phone and cable companies have a tendency to raise prices, do you suppose that it’s at all possible that as the bandwidth usage goes up, the “caps” before metering starts will keep getting REDUCED? I’m sure the goal at the cable company, and the wet dream of the phone company executive, is to see the day when no one pays flat rate for their Internet service anymore. Just as in the days when you paid a “flat monthly rate” for your phone service as long as you didn’t go over a certain number of calls per month, so it will be with your Internet service. And just as there were senior citizens that never made phone calls and always paid the minimum rate, there will be people who do nothing but read and send the odd piece of e-mail who, in theory, will pay the basic rate.

Why do I say, “in theory”? Well, here are a couple other things to keep in mind. First, broadband service isn’t presently regulated by any public service or public utilities commission, and is barely regulated by the Federal Communications Commission. What that means is that if your phone or cable company decides that you aren’t paying enough – that you are a “deadbeat” (to use the term that some credit card companies use about customers who always pay they balances off in time, and never incur any interest charges) – they may simply decide to tack on a few extra GB of usage. How will you contest it? Who will you complain to? They will have you by the part of the anatomy where it hurts the most (speaking as a guy here). Even if you then decide you can live without the Internet and cancel your service, they will still sic the bill collectors on you.

(I am convinced that one reason the phone companies are losing wireline customers is because so many have in the past had billing disputes and, not knowing how to complain effectively, either paid money they did not rightfully owe or had their service disconnected and/or their credit rating harmed by their refusal to pay. That sort of thing leaves a REALLY bad taste in the mouth of a customer).

And then there’s the other possibility. Let’s say that someone doesn’t like you and is out to get you. Maybe your kid is being cyber-bullied. Whatever. All someone has to do is somehow get a “trojan horse” program onto your system that does whatever it takes to suck up loads of bandwidth. Today if that happened, your broadband provider would probably notice and notify you (and maybe suspend your service until the problem was fixed), but from your point of view it would be a denial-of-service attack, nothing more. But the minute bandwidth caps go into effect, suddenly your ISP has a financial incentive to let as much traffic flow into your system as possible, since YOU will get stuck with the bill. Note we are not talking here about traffic you instigated (say, by foolishly using a torrent-type program) but rather about traffic sent to you without your knowledge and prior approval – and without even trying too hard, I could probably think of a dozen or so ways that could happen (everything from a piece of software that too aggressively “phones home”, to misdirected packets that come to you because some teenage hacker was trying to instigate a denial-of-service attack against the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster and fumbled-fingered the IP address, and is sending his zillion packets to you instead).

U.S. Interstate 80 toll booth close-up
Creative Commons License photo credit: jetzenpolis

Now, if the past is any indication, I am urinating into the wind here. The big broadband providers, who (in case you hadn’t noticed) are quickly becoming duopolies or monopolies in their service areas, will crank up their PR machines and tell you that bandwidth caps are necessary and good and right, and that only an unpatriotic supporter of all that is evil would oppose them. AND (the Big Lie), they will only affect a very small percentage of customers. Yeah, right. That’s possibly true TODAY. And YOU, little lobster, have just been lowered into the pot of cool water, and never mind the hissing sound and that faint whiff of natural gas you smell.

Does anyone remember how people used to place calls to each other back in the days of the black-and-white movies? You picked up the phone and told Tillie the operator who you wanted to speak to, and she connected you, and (if local) it was a free call. Then along came rotary dialing, and people hated having to look up phone numbers and dial them, but they were placated by being told that they could call “Information” and get the number for free, if for some reason they could not look it up. THEN the phone company said some people were hogging the time of the Directory Assistance operators (by then it was called Directory Assistance) so they had to start charging the heaviest users, those who made more than 20 calls a month to Directory Assistance. Then the number of “free” calls went down to ten, then five, then three. THEN they started using computerized equipment so that the actual time a human operator was online with a customer dropped significantly. Did they then increase the “free” call allowance? HAH! When was the last time you got a free telephone number from a telephone company operator, or even one of their voice-recognition computers?

They say that those who don’t remember history are doomed to repeat it. But nowadays I sometimes feel like I’m surrounded by stupid people – the history of how phone and cable companies promise the moon and stars, then do nothing but raise rates, is so recent that it would be hard to overlook, yet people continue to believe the crap that the phone and cable company PR and advertising departments crank out. If, in this day and age, you really think that phone or cable companies have your best interest at heart by imposing bandwidth caps, then you have to be among the stupidest people on this planet. If you really are in that group, and what I just said offends you, don’t let the door hit you on the way out – you don’t deserve to be a reader of this blog.

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Creating a FreePBX module

miken32 writes:

The process of creating a module for FreePBX is, in theory, documented in a number of wiki pages, but these are worse than nothing. Full of outdated information — some of it labeled as such, some of it not — as well as broken links and vague promises of information “to be determined,” this collection of pages does more harm than good. Here, then, are some pointers to get a module working, presented as a list of files you need to have in your module’s directory.

Read the rest of the article here.

Although this article is pretty short, at least he’s making some effort to document how to create a module, which is more than the current FreePBX team ever did. In the past they have reminded me just a bit of the type of person who occasionally complains that no one ever offers to help, but then if someone does try to help they just can’t seem to meet the other person’s high standards. And the first person will never tell you exactly how things are supposed to be done. They’re the type who will say, “Nevermind, I’ll just do it myself, it’s easier for me to do it that to explain how.” Which is fine until you want something done that they have no real interest in accomplishing.

To me, that’s always been the problem with FreePBX – it’s a fabulous piece of software until you want to get it to do some little thing that it doesn’t currently do. Then, because of the way it’s designed, it’s nearly impossible to slip your modification (which might only entail adding two or three lines of code to a dialplan) in where it’s needed, because many of the configuration files get overwritten any time you make any change using the FreePBX web-based interface. Their preferred method for adding new features is to add a module – which again is fine, except that a) hardly anyone can figure out how (except the development team), and b) they only want modules written in PHP – too bad if you are an expert in some other language, and c) even if you overcome those hurdles, there are no guarantee that your module will be accepted, since it will probably violate some as-yet-unwritten design considerations (though you are free to distribute it as an unsupported module).

Anyway, at least miken32 has made some effort to document what he has learned so far, and I hope he’ll continue to document what he learns about FreePBX module creation. I would suggest that he add his information to the FreePBX Wiki, but that’s something else that’s difficult to use (compared to most wikis).

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Maybe this is why phone bills are so high…

AT&T plastic bag

Puzzle question: What company would pay good money for DHL 2-day shipping to send a customer an unsolicited plastic bag? Might we assume that a certain large phone company would be capable of this? Of course we might!

Excerpt from AT&T: Your plastic bag. Delivered.:

Yes, it was an unsolicited, rush delivery, plastic iPhone bag. This is definitely not a first for AT&T and the monetary waste involved in packing and shipping a completely unnecessary plastic bag is, I assume, passed back to the consumer. Next time you look at your AT&T bill, you can think about my MISC iPhone PPA BAG … which I’ll be cherishing forever. Or at least until the novelty wears off.

Full story at The Unofficial Apple Weblog.

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Verizon Wireless Reminds Michigan Nonprofits to Apply for HopeLine Grants

Like many corporations, Verizon occasionally gives away some money, possibly in the hope that we will see them as civic-minded and therefore overlook some of their other transgressions.  I’ll pass this little bit of PR along because it may mean that some Michigan organizations will get some funding, but at the same time I will note (as a male of the species) that the types of organizations that will benefit for Verizon’s contributions sometimes have a rather dismal record in protecting battered and/or physically/emotionally abused men – and yes, such creatures do exist. I could make some snarky comments about Verizon perhaps having a feminist agenda, but on the other hand this might really be an act of corporate goodwill, and there is no denying that such organizations as these sometimes save the lives of women and children.  I just wish that the organizations that are “guilty as charged” would get rid of their huge blind spot insofar as the battered or abused male is concerned – men aren’t always the abusers in a relationship.

SOUTHFIELD, Mich., May 5 /PRNewswire/ — Applications for Verizon Wireless’ HopeLine grants are due from community groups by June 30. Michigan non-profit groups are eligible to apply if they directly benefit domestic violence survivors and their families or offer programs that raise awareness of and prevent domestic violence, teen dating violence, partner violence or elder abuse.

Grant applicants must have a 501(c) 3 tax status, and funding requests should not exceed $10,000. Proposals may be submitted in writing to Michelle Gilbert at michelle.gilbert@verizonwireless.com. The deadline for submitting proposals is June 30, 2008. All applicants will be notified between July 1 and Sept. 30. …..

Read the rest of the Verizon press release.

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Moved Article

Go here.

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The Morning Sun: Phone service lacking for many Charter customers


Creative Commons License photo credit: billjacobus1

When cable companies try to become phone companies, they don’t always get it right…

Charter Communications announced late Monday what many of its customers already had figured out: Some of its Internet-based telephone lines in mid-Michigan have not been able to receive incoming calls from local and long-distance callers.

Over the past week, many concerned Charter customers have been told by customer service representatives that the problem has not been identified and they do not know when it will be fixed.

Full story here:
Phone service lacking for many Charter customers – The Morning Sun

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Where’s My Cell Phone – Find Your Misplaced Cell Phone Fast


Creative Commons License photo credit: orbz

Quote from the site:

“Where’s my cell phone? I swear it was just right here…” Are the words often muttered as you frantically look for your cell phone only to find it hidden underneath a pile of laundry, in some obscure pocket, or in the car.

We hope you find it eventually; why not find it NOW?

Simply enter the lost phone number and listen for it to ring.
When you find it, hang up and you’re done!

Where’s My Cell Phone – Find Your Misplaced Cell Phone Fast

Of course this may not help if you phone is set to vibrate, and it might be easier to just pick up another phone and call yours, if one is available.  But that’s the point – sometimes another phone isn’t readily available, while a web connection is. If you travel with a laptop and a cell phone, your laptop could help you find that cell phone that you dropped behind the bed, or wherever. We haven’t tested this, so you may want to try it before relying on it.  Thanks to Tom Keating’s blog for the tip on this one.

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Happy Leap Day!


Creative Commons License photo credit: Will Foster

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How to partially enable the directional keys on a PC-style keyboard’s numeric keypad connected to a Mac

Edit: Skip this post, now there is a better way – see this post: Fixing the numeric keypad directional keys and Ins/Del on a Mac with PC style keyboard, and more Mac commentary

This has nothing to do with the topic of this blog – it’s just something I was trying to figure out recently, and had some VERY limited success so I thought I’d pass along my findings so far. The problem is that if you connect a standard PC keyboard to a Mac mini (or, presumably, any other Mac that uses an external keyboard and runs under OS X), the NumLock key doesn’t work at all, and the numeric keypad produces numbers only, not the directionals or other keys (Ins/Del). After a lot of messing around and head scratching, I figured out that the keyboard mapping is controlled by a file in the /Users/{username}/Keyboard/Roman/ directory (or something similar in certain countries). Assuming you are now using U.S. English, here’s what I have attempted so far (I’m not telling you to do this, but if you try it you are warned it might not work, and therefore you do it at your own risk!):

Copy the file {your language}.keylayout to a safe temporary location and rename it, keeping the same .keylayout extension. Don’t use the name of a country, use your first name or something.

Open it in a text editor and you will see a line like this near the top:

<keyboard group=”0″ id=”0″ name=”U.S.” maxout=”2″>

Edit the ID and name – make the ID something in the 5000 range or above (just use 5000 if you have no reason not to) and make the name your name. So the first three lines will look something like this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE keyboard SYSTEM "file://localhost/System/Library/DTDs/KeyboardLayout.dtd">
<keyboard group="0" id="5000" name="My Layout" maxout="2">

Remember you are editing the copy of the file, not the original!!!

Now look in the first section and find the line that contains key code=”65″ – change it to read:

<key code="65" output="&*#xf728;" />

REMOVE THE ASTERISK IN THE LINE ABOVE – SEE BELOW

Then find the lines for key codes 82 through 92 and change them as follows:

<key code="82" output="&*#xf746;" />
<key code="83" output="&*#xf72b;" />
<key code="84" output="&*#xf701;" />
<key code="85" output="&*#xf72d;" />
<key code="86" output="&*#xf702;" />
<key code="88" output="&*#xf703;" />
<key code="89" output="&*#xf729;" />
<key code="91" output="&*#xf700;" />
<key code="92" output="&*#xf72c;" />

REMOVE THE ASTERISKS IN THE LINES ABOVE – they are just there to keep WordPress from interpreting them as character literals, so where you see &*# change it to &#

Repeat the above for every section in the file that shows those codes (in the U.S. file there were seven)

When you’ve finished making those changes, save the changed file. Then copy it to the /Library/Keyboard Layouts/ directory (if it doesn’t exist, create it). Note this is NOT off the user directory – it’s off the root directory (it might work if you do it off the user directory, but I didn’t try it.

Next, reboot the computer (don’t just logout and back in). Now go to System Preverences, and click on International, then on Input Menu. Find your new file in the list of countries, it should be whatever you named it in the file – not the filename, the name you changed from the country name within the file.

Check the box next to it. It should automatically check the box at the bottom, “Show input menu in menu bar” (check it yourself if it doesn’t). You should see a flag of your country in the menu bar, right click on it and a dropdown should appear that lets you select your new layout.

Now the good news: In many applications, this will let you use the four arrow keys and the Del (delete) key on the numeric keypad. Ins, PgUp, and PgDn might work also if your application uses them. Home and End probably won’t work as you expect. And the bad news? For some reason, the numeric keypad keys still won’t work in some applications, such as the window in Firefox into which I’m typing this post. And the Home and End keys don’t seem to work.

Now, you may think I am using the wrong codes, and you may well be correct, but I can tell you that copying the codes verbatim from those used for the dedicated directional keys (between the main keyboard and the numeric keypad) doesn’t work. I had to use a little utility called Key Codes to see what the keys were actually putting out while depressed, and even then I didn’t really know what I was doing. I had also tried using Ukelele but couldn’t seem to make that work at all – the Mac simply refused to recognize the existence of a file produced by that program (might have something to do with the recent change to Leopard). The truth is, I don’t understand why this is working at all (seriously)!

For me, half a loaf is better than none – I’ll bet I reach for the “wrong” delete key 100 times a day. I know Apple would probably love it if everyone would buy their (highly overpried, IMHO) keyboards, but even those would not give me the functionality I want, and besides, I’ve been using a PC style keyboard for 20 years. In any case I can’t fathom why Apple didn’t anticipate that sme folks might prefer a keyboard they are used to, and that some of those folks might actually want the NumLock key and the directional keys to work as they expect, and in the manner to which they have become accustomed. I never use the numeric keypad to enter numbers (that’s what the keys above the QWERTY line are for) so it doesn’t bother me if I can’t switch back and forth, but I could always switch back to the U.S. keyboard from the top menu bar if I need the numbers anyway.

I’ve been up all night but wanted to post this before catching some sleep, so please excuse if it’s a bit terse, or rough around the edges. Please leave a comment if you feel I didn’t explain something clearly, or made a mistake, or you know a better way to accomplish this (comments such as, “Connect the keyboard to a real PC running Windows” will not be appreciated!). And please let me know if you find a better way to do this!

Edit: Forget everything said above, now there is a better way – see this post: Fixing the numeric keypad directional keys and Ins/Del on a Mac with PC style keyboard, and more Mac commentary

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Must Reading: Jeff Pulver analyzes FCC’s order requiring VoIP companies to pay into the Universal Service Fund

Has Anyone Read the FCC’s USF for VoIP Order yet? To lift from Stephen Colbert, “Is it bad or the worst thing we have ever seen out of Washington?”

In a monumental act of misdirection, the FCC released an Order making all prior regulations of VoIP (both Interconnected and potentially peer-to-peer) look like kindergarten musings.

All I can do is ask: Was recent DC activity on Capitol Hill a calculated effort of misdirection of David Copperfield proportions (David Copperfield of modern magic and Claudia Schiffer fame, not the David Copperfield of Dickens fame, although many a VoIP provider might, as a result, find itself living in a Dickensian “Bleak House” as a result)?

How come we couldn’t see the humungo elephant right in front of our eyes? While we were amassing all our troops on the hill trying to protect our flank on the eastern front, we were getting wiped out this week on the western front. Why does the FCC say VoIP providers give us all your money?

Frankly, many of us got sucked up in the hysteria on Capitol Hill. Perhaps we should have figured out a better way to divide and conquer. I kind of hate the analogy, but I feel a little like Germany in World War I (World War II is simply too disturbing an analogy), fighting a war on two fronts – the Eastern Front on Capitol Hill and the Western Front at the FCC. While we were amassing all of our troops on Capitol Hill with our current allies (e.g., Google, yahoo, Amazon, eBay), we were quietly getting wiped out on the Western Front with little news of the massacre reaching us on the Hill.

What were we fighting for on the Hill? To move the line of scrimmage a few inches towards Net Neutrality? Maybe we should have left that political battle to the better heeled, better connected behemoths of the Internet. In turns out we had a fight for our lives on the Western Front. …..

Full article here. Take some time this weekend to read it and think about it.

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Try to cancel AOL, get the CSR from hell??

According to this MSNBC story, that’s just about what happened to this guy:
How hard can it be to cancel an AOL account?

Two weeks ago, Vincent Ferrari tried to cancel his 5-year-old account—he’d heard from others in the blogosphere that AOL customer service could be awful. So he recorded the conversation with a representative named John. Here is the transcript of the conversation: [more...]

More commentary on this story, including a link to the actual audio, can be found here.
My attitude when calling to cancel something would be this: I don’t owe you any explanation other than that I’m no longer willing to pay for the service. That should be sufficient. EVERYTHING else is irrelevant, and none of your damn business.

Were it not for credit card billing, we’d simply be able to say something like “go ahead and leave the service on if you want to give it to me for free, but I’m not paying you another dime!” and that would put them on notice that it would be in their best interest to turn off the service.

However, when credit card billing enters the picture, things get complicated because even if you explicitly say no, they can attempt to keep billing your card. And then you are put in the position of trying to explain to your credit card company why a charge that you have authorized for months is suddenly no longer a valid charge.

Here’s what I’d love to see someone in Michigan do, though. Before calling to cancel a service where the CSR’s are known to give departing customers a hard time, I’d like to see them call the Michigan Attorney General’s office and see if someone there would be willing to listen in during a three-way call, then use three-way calling to bring in the customer service representative. Just let the AG staff listen in, and count the violations of Michigan consumer protection law. Heck, the state of Michigan could probably make a few thousand bucks on each call, if there really are violations taking place.

In fact, maybe that’s an idea for states that want to make some easy money, given the declining cost of toll charges. Pass some strong consumer protection legislation, which authorizes creation of an “Attorney General’s call recording line”. The idea is, when someone wants to call a company and figures they might do something illegal during the call, they first dial a toll free number at their state AG’s office, which reads a short explanatory message, gives them a tracking number for the call, and then a second dial tone, whereupon they dial the toll free number of the business in question. The call is then recorded. If the call proceeds satisfactorily, the customer simply hangs up at the end of the call and does nothing further.

If, however, the company says or does anything that the customer believes may be illegal, the customer has 24 hours to go to a form on the Attorney General’s web site and enter the tracking number, and some details that would identify the nature of the alleged infraction committed by the company. An AG staff person would then review the recording to see if it appears to be actionable under the state’s law, and then go from there. Recordings for which no web site complaint is filed would be deleted after a few days. Depending on how good a deal the state can get on in-state long distance, they may decide to allow calls to go through to in-state (non-toll-free) business telephone numbers as well, so that problems with local and regional businesses could be recorded and tracked.

This could probably all be set up with an Asterisk box and VoIP service (inbound and outbound) for a few hundred bucks a month (I’m just guessing here because I do not have the expertise to set something like this up, but I suspect that’s pretty accurate), which could easily be recovered with just one significant fine. The hardest part would be figuring out how to eliminate abuse (that is, people simply using the line to get a toll-free call to a business, when they have no intention of making a complaint). But I think that it could be made to work, assuming that anyone in government is still the least bit interested in seeing that customers are treated fairly by big corporations.

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Did The Telcos Break The Law In Getting Merger Approvals?

The following quote is from an article in Techdirt with the above title:

….. Larry Lessig points out that Gary Reback (the famed lawyer who spent a good part of the 1990s trying to get Microsoft taken down for antitrust violations) is focusing on a new case: showing how the telcos and the government broke the law in approving some of the recent big telco mergers (the same mergers that helped those telcos get rid of competition, now allowing them to do things like get rid of network neutrality). In this case, the claim is that the mergers were approved while the Senate held back the Justice Department appointee charged with enforcing antitrust law (over concerns that he might actually, well, enforce antitrust laws). Once the deals were approved, the Senate dropped their hold on the appointee. Following this, the Justice Department is accused of ignoring parts of antitrust law (the Tunney Act) that forbid backroom dealings between corporations and governments on antitrust matters, and approving the mergers before a judge could do a review to make sure the Tunney Act wasn’t violated. …..

Read the full article plus reader comments here. I, for one, would like to see a full investigation into these allegations.

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